Enhancing Fiber Optic Cable Production with a 50 Jacketed Fiber Optic Cable Extru

  Introduction: In the fast-paced world of telecommunications and data transmission, the demand for high-quality fiber optic cables is at an all-time high. To meet this demand, manufacturers rely on advanced machinery like the 50 jacketed fiber optic cable extruder. This specialized equipment plays a crucial role in producing durable and efficient fiber optic cables that are essential for high-speed internet, telecommunications, and other data transmission applications.As an important brand soul of the company, best plastic extruder manufacturer Has outstanding performance, through the market test, still has a strong development trend. https://hengyimach.com/

  

  What is a 50 Jacketed Fiber Optic Cable Extruder? A 50 jacketed fiber optic cable extruder is a machine specifically designed for the production of fiber optic cables with a protective jacket. This jacket ensures the cable’s durability, protecting the delicate fibers within from environmental factors like moisture, heat, and mechanical stress. The “50” in the name typically refers to the extrusion diameter, which determines the size of the cable produced.

  

  50 Jacketed Fiber Optic Cable Extruder

  

  Key Features of the 50 Jacketed Fiber Optic Cable Extruder:

  

  Precision Control: The extruder offers precise control over the extrusion process, ensuring consistent jacket thickness and quality across the entire cable length.

  

  High Efficiency: With its advanced design, the extruder maximizes production speed while maintaining high quality, making it ideal for large-scale manufacturing.

  

  Versatility: This machine can handle various types of jacket materials, including PVC, PE, and other polymers, allowing manufacturers to produce cables for different applications.

  

  Automated Operation: Modern extruders are equipped with automation features that reduce manual intervention, increasing productivity and minimizing the risk of errors.

  

  Why Use a 50 Jacketed Fiber Optic Cable Extruder? Using a 50 jacketed fiber optic cable extruder offers several benefits:

  

  Enhanced Cable Protection: The extruder ensures that the fiber optic cables are well-protected with a durable jacket, extending their lifespan and reliability.

  

  Consistency: The machine’s precision ensures that each cable produced meets industry standards, reducing the likelihood of defects.

  

  Cost Efficiency: By optimizing the extrusion process, manufacturers can reduce material waste and production costs, resulting in more affordable products.

  

  Applications of Jacketed Fiber Optic Cables: Jacketed fiber optic cables produced by the 50 extruder are widely used in various industries, including:

  

  Telecommunications: For high-speed internet and data transmission.

  

  Medical: In medical devices and equipment where reliable data transfer is critical.

  

  Industrial: For automation systems that require robust and reliable communication networks.

  

  Conclusion: Investing in a 50 jacketed fiber optic cable extruder is a strategic decision for manufacturers looking to enhance their production capabilities and meet the growing demand for high-quality fiber optic cables. By ensuring consistent quality, durability, and efficiency, this machine plays a pivotal role in the telecommunications and data transmission industries. For more information on fiber optic cable extrusion equipment, visit Hengyi Machinery.

Why Are Metal Snus Boxes More Durable Than Alternatives

  When it comes to packaging snus products, durability is a crucial factor. Among the various packaging options available, metal snus boxes stand out for their superior strength and longevity. In this article, we¨ll explore why metal snus boxes are more durable than their alternatives, including metal Zyn containers, metal Zyn cans, and snus tins.Mentioned in the article metal snus can Born with strong vitality, you can turn a cocoon into a butterfly and become the best yourself after wind and rain. https://www.snuscan.com/

  

  One of the primary reasons metal snus boxes are more durable is their material strength. Unlike plastic or cardboard options, metal, particularly high-quality aluminum or tin, offers robust protection against physical damage. This durability ensures that the contents remain secure and intact even under harsh conditions. Metal Zyn cans and metal Zyn containers are designed to withstand impact and pressure, making them ideal for protecting snus products during transportation and storage.

  

  Metal snus boxes provide excellent resistance to environmental factors such as moisture, light, and temperature fluctuations. These environmental stresses can degrade the quality of snus if not properly managed. Metal Zyn cans and snus tins offer a barrier against moisture and UV light, which helps to preserve the freshness and potency of the snus. This protective quality is especially important for maintaining the product¨s integrity over time.

  

  The sealing mechanisms in metal snus boxes are generally more effective compared to plastic or cardboard alternatives. Metal containers are often equipped with airtight seals that prevent leakage and contamination. This is crucial for snus products, which need to stay fresh and free from external contaminants. Metal Zyn containers often feature precision-engineered lids and closures that ensure a tight seal, providing added protection against external elements.Another advantage of metal snus boxes is their longevity and potential for reuse. Unlike disposable packaging options, metal containers can be repurposed or recycled, making them an eco-friendly choice. Metal Zyn cans and snus tins are designed to be durable enough for multiple uses, extending their lifecycle and reducing waste. This reusability not only benefits the environment but also adds value for consumers who appreciate sustainable packaging solutions.

  

  Metal snus boxes offer ample opportunities for customization and branding, which can enhance both durability and market appeal. Custom metal Zyn cans can be designed with unique graphics, textures, and finishes that not only attract attention but also add an extra layer of protection. High-quality printing and embossing on metal containers can withstand wear and tear better than on plastic or cardboard, ensuring that your branding remains intact over time.Metal snus boxes often include security features such as tamper-evident seals, which are harder to replicate or breach compared to those found on other packaging types. This added layer of security helps to ensure that the product reaches the consumer in its original condition, safeguarding against tampering and unauthorized access.

  

  Metal snus boxes offer several advantages over alternative packaging options in terms of durability. From superior material strength and environmental resistance to enhanced sealing capabilities and longevity, metal containers such as metal Zyn cans and snus tins provide robust protection for snus products. Their ability to withstand physical impacts, preserve freshness, and offer customization options makes them a top choice for ensuring the quality and integrity of snus products.

What Is a Swimming Pool Air Source Heat Pump

  The swimming pool heat pump is an air source heat pump designed by the air energy manufacturer specifically for swimming pools. Its working principle is the same as that of ordinary air source heat pumps. The difference between the two is:The industry believes that, Inverter heat pump The development of our company marks the rapid and steady progress of the whole industry. http://mangoenergyheatpump.com

  Ordinary air source heat pumps are mainly used for domestic hot water heating, while swimming pool air source heat pumps are dedicated to constant temperature heating of swimming pools. The heat exchanger is made of special pure titanium tubes with good corrosion resistance. Because swimming pools need to be cleaned by adding chemicals, ordinary heat pumps will quickly corrode the heat exchanger. In the past, swimming pools liked to use coal/gas/oil, electric boilers and other equipment to provide hot water, but in recent years, with the country’s attention to environmental protection and other issues, coupled with the shortcomings of coal/gas/oil, electric boilers and other equipment themselves, such as unsafe, high pollution and high cost, more and more swimming pools and swimming pools have begun to choose new hot water equipment to provide hot water for swimming pools. Among them, swimming pool air source heat pumps have become the object of constant temperature pursuit of villa swimming pools, swimming pools, and fitness clubs.

  

  What are the advantages of swimming pool air source heat pumps?

  

  1. Safe, environmentally friendly and pollution-free. No coal or oil is consumed, so there is no need to worry about coal prices or fire or explosion safety issues. Moreover, there is no pollutant emission to the environment during use, no environmental pressure, and it meets national environmental protection requirements. There is no need to face annual inspections by boiler-related departments.

  

  2. It is more energy-efficient and saves more money. The heating efficiency of ordinary air-energy heat pumps is generally 400%, which is four times that of ordinary electric water heaters. However, because the swimming pool air-energy heat pump can control the temperature at only 28<C, which is lower than the outlet water temperature of ordinary air-energy heat pumps, the heating efficiency is as high as 520%, which is more energy-efficient.

  

  3. Accurate temperature control and more comfortable. The air-energy swimming pool constant temperature system has a wider temperature operation range (ambient temperature range -25-43<C, water temperature control range 20-55<C), and can automatically adjust the flow rate according to ambient temperature, water temperature and other data to ensure stable and efficient operation of the unit. And it is not affected by natural climate such as wind, light, rain, and snow, and can achieve constant temperature of the swimming pool throughout the year.

What You Didn’t Know About Truck Lights

  When it comes to enhancing vehicle safety and visibility, truck lights play a crucial role. While most truck owners are familiar with basic lighting features, there¨s much more to truck lights than meets the eye. As a professional in the field of vehicle lighting, particularly focusing on truck LED warning lights, we delve into some lesser-known facts and insights about these essential components.Truck LED warning lights are indispensable for ensuring safety on the road. These lights are designed to alert other drivers to the presence of a large vehicle, especially in challenging conditions such as fog, rain, or low light. Their high visibility helps prevent accidents and enhances the safety of both truck drivers and other road users.from led emergency warning lights Looking at the development prospects, the future will always bring positive effects. https://www.lkx-mascarello.com

  

  1. Advanced Technology in LED Warning Lights

  

  Truck LED warning lights are at the forefront of lighting technology. Unlike traditional halogen lights, LED lights offer superior brightness, longer lifespan, and lower energy consumption. This makes them an ideal choice for trucks that require reliable and powerful lighting solutions. Modern LED warning lights are equipped with advanced features like strobe effects and customizable patterns, providing flexibility to meet various safety and visibility needs.

  

  2. Manufacturing Excellence: The Role of Truck LED Warning Light Factories

  

  The production of truck LED warning lights involves intricate processes to ensure high quality and durability. Truck LED warning light factories utilize cutting-edge technology and stringent quality control measures to produce lights that meet industry standards. These facilities are equipped with state-of-the-art machinery to handle the precision requirements of LED technology, ensuring that every light produced offers optimal performance and reliability.

  

  What You Didnt Know About Truck Lights

  

  What You Didnt Know About Truck Lights

  

  3. The Expertise of Truck LED Warning Light Manufacturers

  

  Truck LED warning light manufacturers play a pivotal role in the development and distribution of these crucial components. Longkexin focus on designing lights that not only enhance visibility but also withstand the harsh conditions encountered in trucking environments. Longkexin manufacturers invest in research and development to continually improve their products, integrating features such as water resistance, shock resistance, and enhanced brightness. Longkexin ensures that truck lights are both functional and durable, providing long-term value to truck operators.

  

  4. Versatility of Truck LED Strobe Lights

  

  Truck LED strobe lights are a popular choice for emergency and safety applications. These lights use rapid flashes to draw attention, making them ideal for use in situations where high visibility is critical. They are commonly used by emergency vehicles and for roadside safety to alert other drivers of potential hazards. The versatility of LED strobe lights allows for various mounting options and configurations, making them suitable for a wide range of applications beyond standard truck lighting.

  

  5. Customization and Innovation in Truck Lighting

  

  As the demand for personalized and innovative truck lighting solutions grows, Longkexin is offering more customization options. From different light patterns and colors to adjustable mounting systems, truck LED warning lights can now be tailored to meet specific needs and preferences. This customization ensures that truck operators can achieve the optimal balance of visibility and aesthetics, enhancing both safety and vehicle appearance.

Why Are Precision Mold Parts So Demanding on Production Technology

  In the field of precision mold processing, achieving the desired shape and specifications requires the use of advanced high-precision processing technologies. If precision mold parts do not meet these stringent requirements, it can significantly impact the overall quality of the mold product. Thus, the production technology for precision mold parts is held to exceptionally high standards. But why is this the case? Here, Hairong Precision Manufacturer provides insights into the high demands of production technology for precision mold parts.according to plastic moulding parts Industry veterans said that its development will still be in a good situation. https://www.dghrjmmj.com

  

  1. Harsh Working Conditions

  

  Precision mold parts are often subjected to severe working conditions. To ensure the longevity and performance of these parts, it is crucial to employ high-precision processing methods. Only by choosing the right processing techniques can the lifespan of precision mold components be effectively extended.

  

  2. Enhanced Strength and Toughness

  

  The production of precision mold parts must focus on enhancing their strength and toughness. This approach prevents brittle fractures during operation and ensures consistent work efficiency. Strengthening these components is essential for maintaining the integrity and functionality of the molds under demanding conditions.

  

  3. Material Selection for High Temperatures

  

  When dealing with high temperatures, it is vital to select appropriate materials for precision mold parts. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can cause a reduction in hardness and strength, leading to premature wear or plastic deformation of the molds. Therefore, choosing the right materials is crucial for ensuring the durability and performance of precision molding parts.

  

  In Summary

  

  The stringent requirements for precision mold parts in production processes are primarily due to their need for enhanced precision and performance. Compared to standard mold components, precision mold accessories must meet higher standards in terms of accuracy, strength, and material properties. These rigorous demands ensure that precision mold parts deliver superior performance and longevity.

  

  For top-notch precision mold components, consider partnering with a reputable precision mold parts company to meet your specific needs and maintain the highest standards of quality in your mold production.

Cleaning steps of indoor LED display screen

  Cleaning steps of indoor LED display screen.As can be seen from the new data, led poster display The market influence is also growing, and the product share is also relatively increasing, which has great potential in the future. https://www.cnpled.net/

  

  1. Clean the dust on the surface of the display screen with an antistatic soft brush, and try to clean it in the same direction;

  

  2. Give priority to using anhydrous alcohol to make the clean soft cloth moisture permeable, wring off the excess liquid, and gently wipe the surface of the display screen along the same direction;

  

  3. After wiping, adjust the brightness of the screen to 30-50% and light it up for 1-2 hours to evaporate the residual moisture on the surface.

Self-service payment terminal for ordering food brings a new dining experience

  Self-service payment terminals for ordering food can indeed transform the dining experience, offering several advantages for both customers and restaurants. Here¨s how they bring a new dimension to dining:After that, self check out kiosk Not afraid of the future, dare to fight and fight, and won applause again and again in the market. https://www.xtdkiosk.com

  

  Customer Experience Enhancements:

  

  Convenience and Speed: Customers can place their orders and make payments quickly without waiting in line. This reduces wait times and streamlines the ordering process, allowing diners to receive their food faster.

  

  Customizable Orders: Self-service terminals often allow customers to customize their orders more easily. Options for modifying ingredients, selecting portion sizes, or adding special instructions are usually presented clearly and can be adjusted with a few taps.

  

  Order Accuracy: By entering their own orders, customers reduce the likelihood of miscommunication or errors that might occur when relaying orders to a staff member. This can lead to more accurate orders and increased satisfaction.

  

  Menu Exploration: Terminals typically provide detailed menus with images, descriptions, and nutritional information. This helps customers make more informed choices and discover new items they might not have noticed otherwise.

  

  Payment Flexibility: Customers can pay using various methods, including credit/debit cards, mobile payments, or even gift cards, without needing to handle cash or wait for a server.

  

  Privacy: Some diners prefer the anonymity of ordering through a terminal, which can be particularly beneficial for those who are shy or want to avoid interactions.

  

  Restaurant Benefits:

  

  Increased Efficiency: With customers placing orders directly through terminals, restaurant staff can focus on food preparation and service rather than taking orders and handling transactions. This can lead to faster service and reduced labor costs.

  

  Reduced Order Errors: Self-service terminals help minimize human errors by allowing customers to input their own orders. This can improve overall order accuracy and reduce waste.

  

  Upselling Opportunities: Terminals can be programmed to suggest add-ons or upgrades based on the customer¨s initial order, increasing the average check size and boosting revenue.

  

  Data Collection and Insights: Self-service terminals collect data on customer preferences, popular items, and peak ordering times. This data can be analyzed to optimize menu offerings, pricing strategies, and staffing levels.

  

  Improved Hygiene: In the wake of increased health and hygiene awareness, self-service terminals reduce physical contact between customers and staff, which can be a crucial factor in maintaining a clean and safe dining environment.

  

  Enhanced Customer Flow: By decentralizing the ordering process, restaurants can manage customer flow more effectively, reducing congestion at the counter or cash register.

  

  Features of Self-Service Payment Terminals for Food Ordering:Intuitive Touchscreen Interface: Clear and user-friendly touchscreen interfaces make it easy for customers to navigate menus and complete transactions.

  

  Visual and Textual Menu Information: Detailed images and descriptions of menu items help customers make informed choices.

  

  Customization Options: The ability to customize orders, such as adding or removing ingredients, is typically available.

  

  Order Confirmation and Receipt Printing: Customers receive a confirmation of their order and a printed receipt or digital confirmation for tracking their order.

  

  Integration with Kitchen Systems: The terminal integrates with kitchen display systems to ensure orders are sent directly to the kitchen, improving order management.

  

  Multilingual Support: Multiple language options cater to a diverse customer base, enhancing accessibility and convenience.

  

  Overall, self-service payment terminals for food ordering represent a significant advancement in dining technology, offering greater convenience, accuracy, and efficiency while enhancing the overall customer experience.

The Benefits of Travel Memory Foam Neck Pillows

  Travel memory foam neck pillows have become essential companions for travelers seeking comfort and support on the go. These pillows provide a range of benefits, making them a worthwhile investment for frequent flyers, long road trips, or even everyday use. However, like any product, they come with potential issues that users should be aware of. Here¨s an in-depth look at the advantages of memory foam neck pillows and common problems to watch for, along with tips on how to address them.If we can practice these points, memory foam pillow Will be unique, become a leader in the industry, and keep moving forward. https://tainengjikang.com/

  

  The Benefits of Travel Memory Foam Neck Pillows: Why They¨re Worth the Investment and Common Problems to Watch For

  

  Benefits of Travel Memory Foam Neck Pillows

  

  1. Superior Comfort and Support

  

  Memory foam neck pillows are renowned for their superior comfort and support. Unlike traditional travel pillows, memory foam contours to the shape of your neck and shoulders, providing customized support. This helps reduce strain and pressure, making it easier to relax and sleep during your journey.

  

  2. Enhanced Neck and Spine Alignment

  

  Proper alignment of the neck and spine is crucial during travel to avoid discomfort and potential pain. Memory foam pillows support the natural curve of your neck, helping to keep your spine aligned. This is especially beneficial during long flights or extended periods of sitting, reducing the risk of stiffness and soreness.

  

  3. Pressure Relief

  

  The viscoelastic properties of memory foam allow it to distribute pressure evenly. This helps alleviate pressure points that can lead to discomfort or pain. Whether you¨re sitting in an airplane seat or a car, the pressure-relieving qualities of memory foam enhance overall comfort.

  

  4. Durability and Resilience

  

  Memory foam is known for its durability and resilience. Unlike other materials that may flatten or lose shape over time, memory foam retains its form and support. This makes memory foam neck pillows a long-lasting investment, providing consistent comfort and support throughout their lifespan.

  

  5. Portable and Convenient

  

  Travel memory foam neck pillows are designed to be portable and convenient. They are lightweight and often come with a removable, washable cover, making them easy to carry and maintain. Many also include a travel pouch or strap, allowing for easy attachment to luggage or a convenient carry handle.

  

  6. Versatility

  

  While ideal for travel, memory foam neck pillows are versatile enough for various uses. They can be used for support during home relaxation, office work, or even while reading. Their adaptability makes them a practical addition to any lifestyle.

  

  Common Problems and How to Address Them

  

  1. Unpleasant Odor

  

  Problem: New memory foam pillows may emit an initial chemical odor, often referred to as off-gassing.

  

  Solution:

  

  Ventilate: Place the pillow in a well-ventilated area for a few days before use to allow any odors to dissipate.

  

  Use Freshener: If the smell persists, use a fabric freshener or odor-neutralizing spray on the pillow cover, ensuring it is completely dry before use.

  

  2. Difficulty in Maintaining Shape

  

  Problem: Over time, the memory foam may lose its shape or become uneven.

  

  Solution:

  

  Proper Storage: Store the pillow in a cool, dry place when not in use. Avoid exposing it to direct sunlight or extreme temperatures.

  

  Regular Fluffing: Gently fluff and reshape the pillow regularly to maintain its form.

  

  3. Heat Retention

  

  Problem: Memory foam can retain heat, which may cause discomfort, especially in warm climates.

  

  Solution:

  

  Cooling Covers: Use a pillow cover with cooling or breathable fabric to enhance airflow and reduce heat retention.

  

  Ventilated Design: Opt for pillows with ventilation holes or cooling gel layers to improve temperature regulation.

  

  4. Pillow Cover Issues

  

  Problem: The pillow cover may become dirty or stained over time.

  

  Solution:

  

  Removable Cover: Choose a pillow with a removable and washable cover. Follow the care instructions for washing to keep the cover fresh and clean.

  

  Spot Cleaning: For minor stains, spot clean the cover with a mild detergent and water. Ensure it is completely dry before reattaching it to the pillow.

  

  5. Sizing and Fit Issues

  

  Problem: The pillow may not fit comfortably around all neck sizes or shapes.

  

  Solution:

  

  Adjustable Features: Look for pillows with adjustable straps or customizable shapes to ensure a better fit.

  

  Try Before Buying: If possible, try the pillow in-store or check the return policy to ensure it meets your comfort needs.

  

  6. Allergies and Sensitivities

  

  Problem: Some users may experience allergies or sensitivities to the materials used in memory foam pillows.

  

  Solution:

  

  Hypoallergenic Covers: Choose a pillow with a hypoallergenic cover or one made from natural materials to reduce the risk of allergic reactions.

  

  Consult Manufacturer: Check with the manufacturer about the materials used and choose products specifically designed for sensitive individuals.

How much do you know about CNC Machining

  CNC machining, also known as computer numerical control machining, is a manufacturing process that utilizes computer digital control technology to operate machine tools for part machining.pass 304 stainless steel screws It can be seen from the present situation that the market prospect is relatively broad, which is conducive to our reference and investment. https://shwhardware.com

  

  It has high precision and repeatability, and can process complex geometric shapes and high-precision parts. By using a pre written CNC program, the motion trajectory, cutting speed, feed rate, and other parameters of the tool on the workpiece are controlled to achieve precise cutting processing.

  

  CNC machining can be applied to various materials, including metals (such as aluminum alloys, stainless steel, titanium alloys, etc.), plastics, composite materials, etc. It plays an important role in many industries such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, medical devices, and electronic equipment.

  

  Its advantages include improving production efficiency, reducing manual operation errors, shortening production cycles, and achieving complex shape processing.

What Are the Differences between Cold Heading and Cold Extrusion

  Cold heading and cold extrusion are basically deformation processes under the same conditions, but they are different in operation. Cold heading is a forging deformation of smaller workpieces and is often used in the fastener industry. Cold extrusion is an extrusion deformation of larger workpieces and has a wide range of uses.Under people’s attention Non standard hardware factory Finally grow into what people need, born for the market and come for the demand. https://jieruifasteners.com/

  

  1. What is cold extrusion

  

  Cold extrusion is a processing method in which a metal blank is placed in a cold extrusion die cavity and, at room temperature, a punch fixed on the press is used to apply pressure to the blank to cause the metal blank to undergo plastic deformation to produce parts. Obviously, cold extrusion processing relies on the die to control the flow of metal and relies on the large-scale transfer of metal volume to form parts. In terms of extrusion equipment, my country has the ability to design and manufacture extrusion presses of various tonnages. In addition to using general mechanical presses, hydraulic presses, and cold extrusion presses, friction presses and high-speed and high-energy equipment have also been successfully used for cold extrusion production.

  

  At present, cold extrusion technology has been widely used in industrial sectors such as fasteners, machinery, instruments, electrical appliances, light industry, aerospace, shipbuilding, and military industry, and has become one of the indispensable and important processing methods in metal plastic volume forming technology. With the advancement of science and technology and the continuous improvement of product technical requirements in the automobile, motorcycle, household appliances and other industries, cold extrusion production technology has gradually become the development direction of refined production of small and medium-sized forgings.

  

  

  2. What is cold heading

  

  Cold heading is one of the new processes of metal pressure processing with little or no cutting. It is a processing method that uses the plastic deformation of metal under the action of external force, and with the help of a mold, the metal volume is redistributed and transferred to form the required parts or blanks. The cold heading process is most suitable for the production of non standard fasteners such as bolts, screws, nuts, rivets, and pins. The commonly used equipment for cold heading is a dedicated cold heading machine. If the production volume is not too large, it can also be replaced by a crank press or a friction press.

  

  Cold heading technology has high productivity, good product quality, and greatly reduces material consumption, reduces production costs, and improves working conditions. Therefore, it is more and more widely used in mechanical manufacturing, especially in the production of standard fasteners. Among them, the most representative products produced by multi-station cold heading machines are bolts, screws and nuts.

  

  3. Are cold heading and cold extrusion the same thing?

  

  Cold heading and cold extrusion are basically deformation processes under the same conditions, but they are different in operation. Cold heading is a forging deformation of smaller workpieces and is often used in the fastener industry. Cold extrusion, on the other hand, is an extrusion deformation of larger workpieces and is widely used; cold heading is equivalent to a branch of cold extrusion. Simply put, in the process of making bolts, hexagonal head forming is cold heading, and rod diameter reduction is cold extrusion (positive extrusion). Non-cut hexagonal flange bolts (multi-station forming) have both cold heading and cold extrusion. The front shaping of hexagonal nuts is only cold heading, and the hole extrusion in the back process is cold extrusion (positive and negative extrusion).